MySQL配置文件
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当前使用的MySQL配置文件如下，未来还需要进行调整优化，如果有任何意见建议请留言。
文件：/etc/my.cnf
代码：
# Example MySQL config file for large systems. # # This is for a large system with memory = 512M where the system runs mainly # MySQL. # # You can copy this file to # /etc/my.cnf to set global options, # mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this # installation this directory is /usr/local/var) or # ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options. # # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program # with the "--help" option. # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock # Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-locking #back_log = 50 key_buffer = 256M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_cache = 128 tmp_table_size = 64M sort_buffer_size = 1M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 32M thread_cache_size = 8 query_cache_size= 16M max_connections = 800 wait_timeout= 120 skip-name-resolve #uery_cach2_type= 1 #skip-innodb skip-bdb # Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency thread_concurrency = 8 # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! # #skip-networking # Replication Master Server (default) # binary logging is required for replication log-bin=mysql-bin # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set # but will not function as a master if omitted server-id = 1 # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) # # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between # two methods : # # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - # the syntax is: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>, # MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ; # # where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and # <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default). # # Example: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, # MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; # # OR # # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then # start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example # if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to # connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later # change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and # overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown # the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. # For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched # (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) # # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 # (and different from the master) # defaults to 2 if master-host is set # but will not function as a slave if omitted #server-id = 2 # # The replication master for this slave - required #master-host = <hostname> # # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting # to the master - required #master-user = <username> # # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to # the master - required #master-password = <password> # # The port the master is listening on. # optional - defaults to 3306 #master-port = <port> # # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended #log-bin=mysql-bin # Point the following paths to different dedicated disks #tmpdir = /tmp/ #log-update = /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname # Uncomment the following if you are using BDB tables #bdb_cache_size = 64M #bdb_max_lock = 100000 # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables #innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/var/ #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/var/ #innodb_log_arch_dir = /usr/local/var/ # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size #innodb_log_file_size = 64M #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates [isamchk] key_buffer = 128M sort_buffer_size = 128M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [myisamchk] key_buffer = 128M sort_buffer_size = 128M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout
关于“MySQL配置文件”的留言：
2007年8月28日调整说明
# Example MySQL config file for large systems. # # This is for a large system with memory = 512M where the system runs mainly # MySQL. # # You can copy this file to # /etc/my.cnf to set global options, # mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this # installation this directory is /usr/local/var) or # ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options. # # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program # with the "--help" option. # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock # Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-locking back_log = 64 #binlog_cache_size = 256k key_buffer = 256M max_allowed_packet = 1M-->4M max_tmp_tables = 128 table_cache = 192--->512 从整个情况来看tw.18dao.net，wiki.18dao.com,cn.18dao.net,wiki.027.cn都属于流量相对较大的站点，中间有很多表使用了InnoDB引擎，从vmstat bi,bo比较频繁但,wa,si,so等都正常，因而现在不是最大的瓶颈，但Table_locks_waited数值有点不正常。 tmp_table_size = 256M sort_buffer_size = 64M-->16M 从Sorting可以发现排序命中在50%以上，而现在top查看的内存占用相对过高。 read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M-->4M 因为程序排序以后使用内存情况因slow_log内的相关联接查询而定。 myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M--> 64M 从Sorting可以发现排序命中在50%以上，而现在top查看的内存占用相对过高。 #新添加变量 # This buffer is used for the optimization of full JOINs (JOINs without # indexes). Such JOINs are very bad for performance in most cases # anyway, but setting this variable to a large value reduces the # performance impact. See the "Select_full_join" status variable for a # count of full JOINs. Allocated per thread if full join is found join_buffer_size = 4M 由sort_buffer_size，read_buffer_size，read_rnd_buffer_size参考得到的默认为128K,灵位在整个slow_log里面所有执行耗用大的均为联接查询，看了一下联接的2张表有些在50M-100M的数量级上。 #结束 thread_cache_size = 16-->32 从Threads来看cache的Threads都在10左右，稍微高峰点就超过了上限（20:52并不是高峰时候），虽然slow的Threads没有。 query_cache_size= 768M-->640M 减低该值主要因为现在的富余保持在110M左右富余较多。 query_prealloc_size = 128k-->64K 无需解释设置错误，这样设置的结果Query cache数据将给人错误的参数指导 query_alloc_block_size = 64k-->128K 无需解释设置错误，这样设置的结果Query cache数据将给人错误的参数指导 query_cache_min_res_unit = 1k max_connections = 1024-->512 从max. concurrent connections 104 说明此之不会太大，我看到过的最大的时候为192，但为了保留一定的突发性的并发 wait_timeout= 60 low_priority_updates=1 #long_query_time = 10--->5 已经分析过10的数据，应该再看看更低耗用的情况中那些操作相对耗用资源多一些。（记得去掉#号） skip-name-resolve #locked_in_memory #uery_cach2_type= 1 #skip-innodb skip-bdb # Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency thread_concurrency = 2 log_slow_queries # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! # #skip-networking # Replication Master Server (default) # binary logging is required for replication #log-bin=mysql-bin # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set # but will not function as a master if omitted server-id = 1 # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) # # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between # two methods : # # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - # the syntax is: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>, # MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ; # # where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and # <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default). # # Example: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, # MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; # # OR # # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then # start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example # if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to # connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later # change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and # overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown # the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. # For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched # (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) # # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 # (and different from the master) # defaults to 2 if master-host is set # but will not function as a slave if omitted #server-id = 2 # # The replication master for this slave - required #master-host = <hostname> # # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting # to the master - required #master-user = <username> # # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to # the master - required #master-password = <password> # # The port the master is listening on. # optional - defaults to 3306 #master-port = <port> # # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended #log-bin=mysql-bin # Point the following paths to different dedicated disks #tmpdir = /tmp/ #log-update = /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname # Uncomment the following if you are using BDB tables #bdb_cache_size = 64M #bdb_max_lock = 100000 # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/var/ innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2G;ibdata2:2G;ibdata3:2G;ibdata4:2G;ibdata5:2G;ibdata6:2G;ibdata7:2G;ibdata8:2G:autoextend #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/var/ innodb_log_files_in_group = 4 #innodb_log_arch_dir = /usr/local/var/ # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G-->512M 当时因为单个ibdata文件I/O瓶颈严重,而现在top查看的内存占用相对过高上面说的50%是说的一个计算值，具体参考一下相关资料。另看看tw.18dao.org有张表有2G多而且是Innodb引擎，这个可能会成为以后最头痛的I/O瓶颈。 #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M--->开启 因为pool_size减少了。 # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size innodb_log_file_size = 128M innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 30 #innodb-file-per-table=ON [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates [isamchk] key_buffer = 128M sort_buffer_size = 128M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [myisamchk] key_buffer = 128M sort_buffer_size = 128M read_buffer = 16M write_buffer = 16M [mysqlhotcopy] --interactive-timeout
2007年8月29日调整说明
table_cache->256 过大，理由Table_locks_waited/Table_locks_immediate值并不大，但出现了Slow_launch_threads而之前是没有的说明反应不够及时。 Query cache 部分来看cache现在的性能非常好 query_cache_size= 640M query_prealloc_size = 64k query_alloc_block_size = 128k query_cache_min_res_unit = 1k 这部分千万不要动什么，唯一不足的是Qcache_free_memory 204 M 富余较多，因此query_cache_size可以根据按照富余的一半左右减少,若再持续时间累计到1天半还是这样的情况，即可以减少128M，否则根均相应的情况酌情减少。 添加： join_buffer_size=4M 理由Sorting 部分连接查询相关的数据显示耗用很大。在此重申此参数，必须进行调整。 thread_cache_size=32还是明显的不足，这个上次已经说明过理由。
以后需要一起做的参数调整工作
有个值似乎没调小:) sort_size sort_buffer_size = 16M 这个 下次调整尝试2改sort那个还尝试把2个参数注释掉让其使用默认的 query_prealloc_size = 64k query_alloc_block_size = 128k 前面加#即可 thread_cache_size这个还应加到32
